Azeotropic distillation
Summary :
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Definition of distillation
- The literature review
- What is an azeotrope?
- Entrainer addition methods
- Extractive distillation
- Homogeneous azeotropic distillation
- Heterogeneous azeotropic distillation
- Application
- Conclusion
- References
Abstract
distillation is the most widely used separation technique in the chemical and petroleum industry. However not all liquid mixtures are amenable to ordinary fractional distillation. When the components of the system have low relative volatilities (1.00 < <1.05). Separation becomes difficult and expansive because a large number of trays are required and, usually a high reflex ratio as well. Both equipment and utilities costs increase markedly and the operation can become uneconomical. In other cases the formation of a binary azeotrope may make it impossible to produce nearly pure products by ordinary fractionation. In that cases "azeotropic distillation" is performed by adding a third component called an entrainer which changes the relative volatilities of the original components and thus facilities their separation.
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