Characterization of the niche for stem cell self-renewal in the hippocampus
Summary :
Table of Contents
- Introduction
- Stem cell 'Hubs'
- Stem cell hubs in the brain?
- Approaches to identify niche signaling pathways in the brain
- Understanding 'The Hub'
- Conclusion
- References
Abstract
Shortly after John Gearhart's amazing discovery of isolating and growing embryonic stem cells in culture, he made the following prediction, "The potential of these unique, versatile cells for human biologic studies and medicine is enormous". In fact, many have
underestimated the potential stem cells could have in the world of biological research and medicine. The idea of a pluri-potent cell that has the ability to divide and differentiate into any type of cell in the body provides infinite research possibilities with direct applications to pressing medical problems. An interesting aspect of stem cell biology lies in the process of stem cell self-renewal. This process is necessary to maintain stem cells as well as regulate hyperproliferation. As noted by Kiger et al, there are two ways in which systems maintain proper stem cell numbers. The first is by asymmetric division in which one cell remains a stem cell, while the other differentiates. Another mechanism is to maintain stem cells through symmetric stem cell division, which is common after a wound or transplantation (Kiger, et. al2001). stem cell self-renewal is a critical process in the maintenance of blood, skin, sperm, and many other cells. The potential for therapeutics based on understanding stem cell self renewal is very promising. However the signaling pathways and biological characteristics of the system must be well understood to fully exploit stem cell potential in medicine.
underestimated the potential stem cells could have in the world of biological research and medicine. The idea of a pluri-potent cell that has the ability to divide and differentiate into any type of cell in the body provides infinite research possibilities with direct applications to pressing medical problems. An interesting aspect of stem cell biology lies in the process of stem cell self-renewal. This process is necessary to maintain stem cells as well as regulate hyperproliferation. As noted by Kiger et al, there are two ways in which systems maintain proper stem cell numbers. The first is by asymmetric division in which one cell remains a stem cell, while the other differentiates. Another mechanism is to maintain stem cells through symmetric stem cell division, which is common after a wound or transplantation (Kiger, et. al2001). stem cell self-renewal is a critical process in the maintenance of blood, skin, sperm, and many other cells. The potential for therapeutics based on understanding stem cell self renewal is very promising. However the signaling pathways and biological characteristics of the system must be well understood to fully exploit stem cell potential in medicine.
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