«Tsunami: appearance of a wave (wavefront).Propagation velocity: depth of the sea. The loss of energy is inversely proportional to the size. A tsunami travels quickly but also on long distances without losing consequent energy. With the approach of...» Summary abstract
«In the late days of August 2005, forecasters and meteorologists closely watched a storm soon to be named Katrina brewing in the Gulf of Mexico. Like many other infamous hurricanes of similar magnitude, the tropical storm began rather quietly and...» Summary abstract
«Although earth looks very simple it is a complex planet, which is constructed out of three things: air, land and water. Air as we know is also called atmosphere that took 4.5 billions years to create as it is now and consisted of deadly gases in...» Summary abstract
«Lithium-ion batteries one the most popular types of batteries used today. They are lightweight, have a high-energy density, and are less toxic to the environment than any other battery (Jensen et al. 1999). However, they still offer some undesirable...» Summary abstract
«Energy is the primary and most universal measure of all kinds of work by human beings and nature.
Energy is also defined as the ability or the capacity to do work. We use energy to do work and make all movements. When we eat, our body transforms...» Summary abstract
«Water is the main source of life and covers three fourths of all the land on earth. There lives millions of plants and small animals in the oceans, from witch billions of people depend on fish. Some nations also get fresh water from ocean water,...» Summary abstract
«The Amazon Rain forest is split between nine nations, with more then half of it in Brazil. The whole Rain forest covers five and a half million square kilometers and represents more then half of all the rain forests on earth. It is estimated that...» Summary abstract
«This presentation talks about non conventional energy sources. First of all the presentation gives a clear definition about energy and different forms of energy. It then moves on to the explanation of different forms of non-conventional energy forms...» Summary abstract
«Bio-diesel is an eco-friendly, alternative diesel fuel prepared from domestic renewable resources i.e. vegetable oils (edible or non- edible oil) and animal fats. These natural oils and fats are made up mainly of triglycerides. These triglycerides...» Summary abstract
«Electronic Waste, also known as E-Waste, is the components that comprise an electrical or electronic product when it is being discarded. These electronics could be Computers, Televisions, Stereos, Cell Phones, and other electronic products. These...» Summary abstract
«In today's society, environmental issues have an important impact on business and industrial decisions and are becoming part and parcel of economics. We live in scorching summers, the winters seem to be milder from year to year, and the seasons seem...» Summary abstract
«This paper will provide a review of scientific literature, and look at solutions to problems, resulting from of impacts of climate change on the boreal forest region of Canada, as projected into the late 21st century. It will look at the problem...» Summary abstract
«In October 1996, the directions of public health in the Eastern Townships (Estrie-DSP) and a multipurpose area that have requested the collaboration of the Center for Toxicology of Quebec (CTQ) to the management of mercury spill metal in a...» Summary abstract
«Projects in the Maharashtra State of India, especially among rural dwellers in the Ghats Mountains area, to improve water use and availability were actively pursued by Canadian and Indian researchers in the 1990s. This project was carried out with...» Summary abstract
«Weather refers to the state of air on earth at a given place and time, and climate is the pattern of weather that forms and one expects at a particular place at a given time. The weather or climate of a place usually identifies as warm or cold, wet...» Summary abstract
«Weather refers to the state of atmosphere at a given place and time with respect to variables such as temperature, moisture, wind velocity and air pressure. Climate is the pattern of weather that forms and one expects at a particular place at a...» Summary abstract
«A wetland can be described ecologically in terms of the varying biological processes it encompasses, and specifically on the basis of its biotic/abiotic interactions. The Ministry of Natural Resources focuses specifically on the diversity and...» Summary abstract
«This report emphasizes the role of an engineer in solving three major global issues, which are excessive demand for global energy production, limited natural resources of the planet and exponentially growing environmental pollution. An engineer's...» Summary abstract
«The heat from the sun's energy results in the water at the surface of the earth, mainly in oceans warming and converting into gaseous water vapor. The presence of such water vapor makes air moist or humid. The air near the ground rises when it...» Summary abstract
«The impact of the weather and climate on a place has always been significant in history. In fact, hostile weather has been responsible for wiping out entire species and human civilizations. The last ice age made northern parts of the Northern...» Summary abstract
«Landfills seem to be a major part of waste disposal life. Love them or hate them, they are a necessity in dealing with ever increasing amounts of waste. Statistics Canada reported that Canadians threw out about 20 per cent more garbage in 2004...» Summary abstract
«Ecological modeling is utilized as a predictor mechanism, to ultimately analyze and observe the various systems and process which govern an ecosystem. With this information available, scientists can attempt to alter an ecosystem based on the...» Summary abstract
«The Hemlock Forest Model represents the varying diversities along an environmental gradient. Variations in elevation can potentially yield alterations in various biological processes, which subsequently form complex assemblage interactions. The...» Summary abstract
«In the past century, it has been seen that the consumption of non-renewable sources of energy has caused more environmental damage than any other human activity. Electricity generated from fossil fuels such as coal and crude oil has led to high...» Summary abstract
«Gas chromatography is an efficient process employed for the separation and determination of various analytes. With the use of a flame ionization detector, gas chromatography can be specifically applied to the chromatographic separation of organic...» Summary abstract
«The high latitude arctic regions receive less energy in the form of solar radiation or sunlight compared to other parts of the world. This results in large areas of seawater in this region freezing to form pack ice. Every summer, when the sun's...» Summary abstract
«Environmental Studies (ES) is an inter-disciplinary area of study incorporating the social and scientific aspects of nature and natural resources. The major aim of Environmental Studies is to project the inter-relationships between living...» Summary abstract
«Coral reefs are in decline worldwide due to a variety of anthropogenic factors, of which overfishing is the oldest and most egregious (Bellwood et al. 2004, Graham et al. 2006). Tropical reef fish spawning aggregations (FSAs) are preferentially...» Summary abstract
«Weapons proliferation in outer space is not a thing of the future or something of science fiction. It is real and it is happening right now. The advancement of weapons technology continues to grow exponentially as does mankind's exploration of...» Summary abstract
«Talking about Finland without mentioning the nature is like forgetting more than 188.000 sparkling lakes, putting away the dense forest and woodland areas fully covering 76 percent of the nation (27 in France), the lung and the pride of any Finnish....» Summary abstract
«Current events often deal about natural disasters. Worldwide, many natural catastrophes happen every year: tornadoes, thunderstorms, floods, hail, drought, fire, seism, volcano activity. Theirs effects often are dramatic. Lately, we heard about the...» Summary abstract
«The project site is a farm located in Sydingösby. The Gunnarsson family is living here. Carina and Stefan have two children. Stefan works at the farm while Carina works at SLU. This site has already a system for waste treatment, but it is not...» Summary abstract
«On December 9, 2008, the BBC reported that, "countries will need to make big cuts in greenhouse gas emissions if 'dangerous' climate change is to be avoided" (Black, Poor Countries Need Carbon Cuts). Unfortunately, the fact that our actions as...» Summary abstract
«The UNESCO World Heritage Convention has been established in 1972. It recognizes the way in which people interact with nature, and the fundamental need to preserve the balance between the two. Thus, that convention concerns both the cultural and...» Summary abstract
«Broadcasted in 2000, Erin Brockovich could be a great illustration of the "environmental justice movement". Indeed, while no one takes her seriously, a young woman begins to investigate a suspicious case involving the Pacific Gas & Electric Company....» Summary abstract
«The object of this brief note is an environmental issue. It concerns the anti-pollution policy and the means to improve air and water quality in Canada.
Indeed, this problem touches the entire Canadian population. Here, there is no discrimination...» Summary abstract
«From a biological point of view, Spirulin is one of the oldest inhabitants of the Earth. This cyanobacterium appeared 3.5 billions years ago. It is thought to have achieved photosynthesis for another billion years, until the first plant apparition....» Summary abstract
«A life cycle assessment is the investigation and valuation of the environmental impacts of a given product or service caused or necessitated by its existence. It is a variant of input-output analysis focusing on physical rather than monetary flows....» Summary abstract
«'Globalization is the increasing interdependence, integration and interaction among people and corporations in disparate locations around the world' . This phenomenon can have good effects such as helping developing countries improve their economy...» Summary abstract
«Manix is a brand belonging to Ansell, a company operating in three business segments (professional health care division, consumer health care gloves and occupational division for gloves and clothing worn for protection). Manix is developed in the...» Summary abstract
«It is almost daily that television news mention environmental and natural disasters in each area of the world. Thus, the recent environmental events in the last years were cyclones like Katrina, tsunamis, floods, dryness... Scientifics don't give a...» Summary abstract
«The warming of the planet and global climatic change has been the centre of heated debate for the last few years. The environmental problems, by the force of nature, somehow set themselves to the political agenda of the planet. In this paper I'd...» Summary abstract
«In 2006, Doctor Heinz Scholtholt, member of a German firm of the energy industry (STEAG), pretended that Germany could become the worldwide leader of the coal industry by developing new clean coal technologies. Less than a year later, the German...» Summary abstract
«Despite a great awareness of environmental questions from developed and developing countries, there is a degradation of environmental issues and an appearance of new environmental problems. This aggravation of environmental matters is due to the...» Summary abstract
«A sophisticated transport system has evolved in Europe to move people and frets. The air transport industry is growing at rate above the average growth of the economy of the EU: multiplication of short distance flies, the arrival of the "low cost"...» Summary abstract
«The nature of the carbon footprint is to examine human use of carbon and to try to apply it to how much greenhouse gas (converted to a scale based on CO2) is used. By discussing this, and viewing how "Climate change and infectious diseases in North...» Summary abstract
«Lakes act as outdoor laboratories for the observation and understanding of natural processes. Every process has its own signature. If science looks at processes occurring today and their respective characteristics, then the door opens for...» Summary abstract
«While the price of gasoline has dropped precipitously since the summer, the memory of $3.80 - $4.00/gallon of gasoline is still fresh in the minds of most Americans. In fact, gasoline is at its lowest price in almost 10 years; however, the American...» Summary abstract
«Landscape ecology is an emerging discipline that aims to understand the environmental processes and patterns influencing habitats and species beyond the site level. It arose independently in the latter part of the twentieth century in central...» Summary abstract
«Many ecological processes result in or are affected by spatial patterns. However, the relative importance of different processes is very sensitive to the scale of analysis. For example, at a very local scale, species diversity is often strongly...» Summary abstract
«The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of how indigenous communities perceive and relate to the bio-ecological contexts of which they are part and on which they depend. The main message is that there is much more to learn from them...» Summary abstract
«For many centuries people have been concerned with perceptions of the natural world. Philosophers have written about it, psychologists have studied it, and, more recently, foresters have become concerned with it. However, when we speak of...» Summary abstract
«Modern techniques of computer visualization, involving three-dimensional (3D) modeling, computer animation, and virtual reality (VR), are taking their place among decision-support tools for forestry. This article focuses on the emerging role of...» Summary abstract
«This article examines the broad concepts and methods underpinning the management of visual resources in forestry, and describes some of the key scientific methods of addressing the often difficult issue of aesthetics and public...» Summary abstract
«Soil erosion control in managed forests is undertaken, and best achieved, for two main reasons. The first relates to soil protection for the sustainable productivity of the forest resource. The second relates to the protection of valuable...» Summary abstract
«In forested catchments the hydrologic cycle, involving precipitation, interception, evapo-transpiration, overland flow, subsurface flow, groundwater flow, and stream flow is closely linked to water quality in that water...» Summary abstract
«The problems and negative impacts associated with large-scale uncontrolled forest fires have increased worldwide over the past two decades. Globally an estimated 300-400 million hectares of forests and woodlands burn annually, emitting an...» Summary abstract
«There are six major kinds of propagules now available for the reproduction of forest trees: seeds, sprouts, grafts, cuttings, tissue-culture plantlets, and somatic embryos. Each has two or more subclasses, and each has increasingly understood...» Summary abstract
«Over the last 30 years forest health became a popular issue together with the concern about acid rain, air pollution, and climate change. Terms like forest decline, and the German 'Waldsterben' (forest death) and 'Neuartigen Waldscha ¨den' (new type...» Summary abstract
«The forest environment carbon cycle can be viewed at a number of scales. Measurements can be made at the scale of an individual leaf or tree, stand-scale measurements can be made, and models can be developed that examine forest-level, regional, and...» Summary abstract
«The first incidences of air pollution impacts on the genetic constitution of forest tree populations were those documented near point sources of sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulates, and heavy metals. Localized extinction of forests around these...» Summary abstract
«The discipline of cytogenetics was first defined by Sutton in 1903, as a field of investigation which developed from the separate sciences of genetics and cytology. It is concerned with studies on the correlation of genetic and...» Summary abstract
«Genecology is the study of intraspecific genetic variation in relation to environmental conditions. It reveals patterns of adaptation of populations to their environments that result from differences in natural selection among locations....» Summary abstract
«There is considerable debate over definitions for the word 'forest' and even for 'tree.' Most vegetation types fall clearly into the categories of forest or nonforest, but there is dispute at the margins. A similar debate rages over the...» Summary abstract
«Air pollution problems are international in scale. All forests worldwide experience some degree of air pollution exposure above preindustrial levels. Atmospheric transport processes do not recognize geographic borders, but sources of pollutants, the...» Summary abstract
«Disturbance in plant communities has been defined as consisting of 'the mechanisms which limit the plant biomass by causing its partial or total destruction.' In forests, disturbance arises from the agencies of tree damage or death. At small...» Summary abstract
«Flowering plants, being sedentary, have co-opted animal partners for purposes of gene exchange and propagule dispersal, through pollination and seed dispersal. To secure these services plants provide a variety of flower or fruit rewards creating...» Summary abstract
«Different patterns of anthropogenic forest disturbance can affect forest wildlife in both tropical and temperate regions in many ways. The overall impact of different sources of structural and nonstructural disturbance may depend on: (1) the groups...» Summary abstract
«There is a wide variety of aquatic habitats found in forested areas ranging from water-filled tree holes through to large rivers, lakes, and inundated forests. This article initially reviews the classification of aquatic habitats and...» Summary abstract
«Population dynamics is the study of changes in the number of organisms in populations and the factors influencing these changes. It thus, by necessity, includes the study of the rates of loss and replacement of individuals and of those...» Summary abstract
«Unfortunately the topic of endangered species of trees is a vast one because of the extensive loss of their habitat in most parts of the world and in many cases because of overexploitation. The World Conservation Union's (IUCN) Red List of...» Summary abstract
«Ground preparation is defined as the set of preliminary operations on soil that are required for effective establishment of tree seedlings. The main objective of ground preparation is to assure access to nutrients, air, and water for the...» Summary abstract
«Many frugivorous primates act in an important ecosystem role as seed dispersers for local flora. The importance of this relationship is apparent through the realization that there is variation in the species of plant seeds dispersed by primates and...» Summary abstract
«This article explains the importance of the alternate energy. The traditional energy which we are using is not going to be adequate for our future needs and that too it reached its peak. Apart from its inadequate supply it is also producing enormous...» Summary abstract
«Nearly everyone on the planet would love to see animals and wildlife in their natural habitat with plenty of the space and the resources they need to survive on their own. The problem is that this level of nature conservation is expensive. Leaving...» Summary abstract
«Environmental enrichment (EE) is the study of organisms reared in complex, varied environments and the subsequent influences on behavior. Studies have shown many mechanisms for how EE elicits changes in behavior, mental and physical processes, and...» Summary abstract
«For the sake of natural resources and the welfare and prosperity of the population, motor vehicle fuel economy and emission standards must be raised. The dangerous and complicated problems that we face both today and tomorrow with motor vehicles...» Summary abstract
«Despite these effects, however, the response of most people to oil spills is one of passing curiosity. The media may provide extensive coverage of the disaster, but few people would react to an oil spill the same way they would react to news of a...» Summary abstract
«Global warming has increasingly become an all-encompassing issue in both the media's and public opinion. It is only logical then that more and more attention is being paid to alternative energy sources which may have the capacity to not only provide...» Summary abstract
«Former Vice President Al Gore generated tremendous global awareness and concern for the issue of global warming through his movie, "An Inconvenient Truth". His activism won him a Nobel Peace Prize, and the issue has become a central topic of...» Summary abstract
«Recently, global warming has gained massive attention due to the documentary . An inconvenient truth presented by former Vice-President of the United States Al Gore. The National Academy of Sciences reported that "gases are accumulating in...» Summary abstract
«The Brown Pelican is part of the family Pelecanidae. "The Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis ) is the smallest (42"-54") member of the seven species of the pelican family. (Wikipedia) " It is still a relatively large bird, with a long, narrow...» Summary abstract
«Learning about how to preserve the environment has always been one of my interests, and having a forester as a grandfather encouraged my passion for the environment and animals. A couple years ago, I took a class called Religion and the Earth with...» Summary abstract
«Just as people thought the world is completely in their hands, a sudden twist of events will occur and prove them wrong. In as much as they endeavor to win over everything, nature strikes back, making them realize how weak they actually are compared...» Summary abstract
«Recently, global warming has gained massive attention due to the documentary An Inconvenient Truth presented by former Vice-President of the United States Al Gore. In relation to that, the National Academy of Sciences reported that "gases...» Summary abstract
«As a society, we strive for progress and we have come to view progress as a state of productivity and consumerism. Along this road of mass consumption and industrialization, we have negatively affected the environment; in the U.S. alone, 24 acres...» Summary abstract
«In 1959, the Great Lakes opened to deep draft navigation, and since then these waters have transported an estimated two billion tonnes of cargo from the United States to Canada (Seaway 2008). The lakes have 47 deep draft ports and 55 shallow draft...» Summary abstract
«In the U.S. we rely more on the burning of fossil fuels more than any other country. Retrieving such forms of fuel can be extremely detrimental to the land and animals that surround the site. Drilling for oil is one particular way that fuel is...» Summary abstract
«As a capitalist nation, we are constantly seeking to foster the growth of our economy and overall development. Our industrious nature has led to an industrial presence that makes the burning of fossil fuels our pinnacle source of energy, and a...» Summary abstract
«Monarch butterflies are among the most charismatic of endangered fauna. Because of not only their visual beauty but also their enchanting migrations, they have achieved striking popularity especially among Northern conservationists. While these...» Summary abstract
«Over the course of the last several decades, notable environmental problems have come to the attention of policymakers. Chief among these issues has been the problem of acid rain. Although many governments have argued that they are not responsible...» Summary abstract
«Mention of the term nature conjures many images in the minds of contemporary readers. Some picture the robed, ivy-crowned beauty of Mother Nature. Some consider the fields and forests of Whitman. The idea here in question is the nature of man-the...» Summary abstract
«The Nobel-winning IPCC group of climate scientists on Saturday the 17th, 2007 issued their starkest warning yet on global warming. Global warming bore the seeds of "catastrophe" yet there was also hope, UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon emphasized....» Summary abstract
«This report explores the recent issue of climate change. It will outline the key elements that make climate change an important issue politically. It will focus on how the issue of climate change is being addressed by both the Australian Labor and...» Summary abstract
«Facing increasing concerns about protecting the environment, the government has enacted the Healthy Forests Restoration Act in 2003 to help control wildfires. However, there has been some speculation that "thinning" forests is actually a ruse for...» Summary abstract
«Ever since modern humans have formed a cohesive society, they have slowly removed themselves from being manipulated by their surroundings, to being in direct control of the surrounding environment. One form of this control is the use of pesticides...» Summary abstract
«The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and the Endangered Species Act (ESA) are two important environmental statutes passed by Congress to help preserve the earth and its resources for future generations. Under these statutes, governmental...» Summary abstract
«In March 2005, the UN released its Millennium Ecosystem Assessment , the first comprehensive scientific audit of the state of the planet. Completed over four years by 2,000 experts, the survey demonstrates that economic activity has destroyed 60%...» Summary abstract
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Document>ecology & environment