From toleration to proscription: Christian Emperors’ attitude toward Paganism in the Fourth Century

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Term papers

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7 pages

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.doc

Published date :

01/09/2009

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Table of Contents From toleration to proscription: Christian Emperors’ attitude toward Paganism in the Fourth Century Table of Contents

 
  1. Introduction.
  2. Paganism, a secondary issue under Constantine?
    1. The accuracy of Constantine's conversion to Christianity.
    2. Constantine's religious legislation preserved in the Theodosian Code.
    3. Constantine' s religious toleration.
  3. AD 337-78, a continuous and progressive hardening of anti-pagan legislation?
    1. The year 353 a turning point for Pierre Chuvin.
    2. The reign of Julian the Apostate.
    3. Julian's death and the lack of a Christian reaction against paganism.
  4. Toward the Interdict.
  5. Conclusion.

Abstract

Constantine's conversion to Christianity in 312 at the battle of the Milvian Bridge is highly debated among scholars. There is on the other hand no doubt that the Roman population was widely pagan at that time and did not convert to Christianity overnight on October 28, 312. The fourth century AD was however that of the triumph of Christianity. from an ardently persecuted religion in the first decade of the fourth century, Christianity had clearly become the most powerful and prevalent one in the Empire by the end of the emperor Theodosius I's reign in 395. This paper aims to explain the progressive shift of the christian emperors' attitude toward paganism throughout the fourth century AD from toleration under Constantine to proscription under Theodosius. To a large extent, our knowledge of christian emperors' legislation is based on the Theodosian Code, it is therefore essential to be aware of its limits. The Theodosian Code was compiled between AD 429 and 437. It contained only a part of the imperial legislation of the fourth century and moreover the compilers of the Code edited the laws so that only the essential aspects of each were included.

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