Optical fiber based communication systems

Type :

Term papers

Pages :

26 pages

Format :

.doc

Published date :

06/18/2009

Category :

Science & technology

Sub category :

Electronics

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Summary :

Introduction
1. Optical fibre communication and data system
2. Fibre material
3. Optical communication link
4. Types of light wave communication
5. Basic elements of optical fibre system
Propogation in optical fibres
1. Principle
2. Attenuation
3. Advantages of optical fibre
Construction
1. Component used
2. Basic principle
3. Block diagram
4. The circuit
5. Component list
6. Circuit diagram
Working
1. Transmitter section
2. Receiver section
Limitations and future expectations
References

Abstract

For years, fiber optics has been merely a system for piping light around corners and into the inaccessible places to allow the hidden to be lighted. But now, fiber optics has evolved into a system of significantly greater importance and use. Throughout the world, it is now being used to transmit voice, television and data signals as light waves over flexible hair-thin threads of glass or plastic. Its advantages as compared with conventional coaxial cable or twisted wire pairs are manifold. As a result, millions of dollars are being spent to put these light wave communication systems into operation.

Interest in fiber as a medium began in 1966 when C. Kao and G.A. Hockham at Standard Telecommunications Laboratory predicated that by removing the impurities in the glass, 20 dB/km attenuations would be achievable. At this level, fiber became a practical communication medium. Most of the optical fibers, in use today, are made of either silica glass (SiO2) or plastic. The change in refractive index, between the core and cladding is achieved by the addition of certain dopants to the glass; all-plastic fibers use different plastics for the core and cladding. In order to increase the reflective index, oxides of germanium (GeO2) or phosphorus, (P2¬O¬5) are commonly used. A decrease results from doping with Boron Oxide, (B2O3) or fluorine, (F).