Participation, the principle of good administration
- Citizens' participation as a means to strengthen the legitimacy of the European-Union
- The inequality of citizens' participation in the different countries of the Council of Europe
- The lack of participation after the transition in Czech Republic
Representative democracy is a form of democracy founded on the exercise of popular sovereignty by the people's representatives. The representatives supposedly act in the people's interest, but not as their proxy representative i.e., not necessarily always according to wishes, but with enough authority to exercise initiative in the face of changing circumstances. It is often contrasted with direct democracy, where representatives are absent or only proxy representatives. The representative democracy faces several criticisms. First, there may be a conflict of interest, the interests of elected representatives do not necessarily correspond with those of their constituents. This argument can be completed by the lack of transparency and of accountability. Once elected, representatives are free to act as they please. Promises made before the election are often broken, and they frequently act contrary to the wishes of their electorate. But the main flaw of representative democracies is, the lack of representation of the elected people, and the lack of involvement of citizens in policy-making.
The importance and advantages of improving the quality of worklife
«Introduction to quality of work life. Definition and concept of quality of work life. Methods to improve QWL. Flex time. Alternative work schedules. Part time employment. Compressed workweek. Job enrichment. Job rotation. Job enlargement. Autonomous work groups/self managed teams. Socio technical...»
«It was around 1900 that F.W. Taylor developed what are commonly known as the Principles of Scientific Management which till today form the basis for designing jobs in most organizations. The traditional job design of scientific management focuses mostly on division of labor, hierarchy, close...»
The importance of total quality management
«Introduction. Introducing TQM into a business. Concept of TQM. Understanding TQM. The eight elements of TQM. A simplified TQM diagnostic model. Improving financial services through TQM: A case study. Strategies to succeed in business with TQM. Basic principles of TQM. Get quality goods from your...»
«Total Quality Management is a management approach that originated in the 1950's and has steadily become more popular since the early 1980's. Total Quality is a description of the culture, attitude and organization of a company that strives to provide customers with products and services that...»
The first Macedonian War, flawed alliances and mistakes
«Introduction. Macedonian War. The treaty between Philip and Hannibal. Macedonia and Carthage. Conclusion.»
«The first Macedonian War between Philip V of Macedon and the Roman Republic took place between 214 - 205 BC. This war was one of three that led to the division and the eventual end of Macedonia. Prior to the beginning of any known physical conflict between the nations of Rome and Macedonia, an...»
Turkmenistan and benefits for the US
«Introduction. History of Turkmenistan. Present day Turkmenistan. Western criticism. American benefits. Conclusion.»
«Turkmenistan is a country full of promises and potential for a brighter future to the world. Throughout history, the country of Turkmenistan has provided an abundance of archeological finds as well as an advance dwelling civilization. This civilization has been through many epochs and advancements...»