The developmental state in pre-revolutionary Iran

Political science   |   Political science   |   Presentation   |   11/04/2008   |   .doc   |   8 pages
Document abstract : «The oft-repeated maxim of Italian politics, that when Mussolini was in power, "at least the trains ran on time," while probably inaccurate, summarizes well the widely popular belief that authoritarianism serves for (sometimes brutal) efficiency in...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. The oft-repeated maxim of Italian politics.. Applying Johnson's idea of the non-democratic developmental state to pre-revolutionary Iran.. Johnson and authoritarianism.. Why Iran fits Johnson's definition of a development state...»

Islamic finance and the gates of Ijtihad

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/04/2008   |   .doc   |   11 pages
Document abstract : «If the sharia comes from God, then how can it change? This question, quite reasonable in itself, misses a large point about the sharia. When the Quran and the Sunna-the sources of the sharia-were compiled soon after Mohammad's death, there was no...»

Synopsis abstract : «introduction.. If the sharia comes from God, then how can it change?. Interpretation from Arabic.. Liberalizing Islamic law.. The sharia finance industry.. Modernist fiqh scholars.. Ijtihad, Taqlid, and their proponents.. The scholar Wael...»

Conflicting Zionisms in the context of George Orwell's "Notes on Nationalism"

Political science   |   Political science   |   Presentation   |   11/04/2008   |   .doc   |   6 pages
Document abstract : «I begin this essay with an anecdote: when I read the headline announcing the resignation of Fidel Castro, I asked several American friends their instinctive reaction to Castro, regardless of their views on his forty-nine year rule. While the...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. George Orwell's essay 'Notes on Nationalism'.. Continuum of nationalism.. Orwell's Theory of Nationalism.. Secular and religious Zionism as positive nationalisms.. Religious Zionism's status as a positive nationalism.. Why secular and...»

Economic and political transition in Bahrain: Strong Rentier States and Strong Rentier Societies

Political science   |   Political science   |   Presentation   |   11/04/2008   |   .doc   |   18 pages
Document abstract : «Bahrain, often overlooked in both academic and media analyses of the Middle East, has a strategic importance hidden by its small size. As home of the American Fifth Fleet, Bahrain hosts a deterrent against Iran from blockading the Straits of Hormuz...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Bahrain - economic success fueled largely by oil rents.. Academic theories of rentier economies.. What sets Bahrain apart from other such econimies.. Joel Migdal's theory of state-in-society.. Beblawi's analysis and what he calls a...»

Religious belief and religious identity as separate forces in politics in the Middle East

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/04/2008   |   .doc   |   7 pages
Document abstract : «In the debate over slavery that took place in America in the nineteenth century, apologists for both sides appealed to Christianity, the Union's dominant religion, to justify their respective cases. George Armstrong, in his 1857 book The Christian...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. The debate over slavery.. Emphasis on religion.. Important exceptions in the present day Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.. This is a problematic definition when it comes to sectarian political movements. . Religious identity as...»

A second chance:A report on the effects of after-school programs and the prevention of delinquent behaviors

Social studies   |   Educational studies   |   Research papers   |   11/05/2008   |   .doc   |   6 pages
Document abstract : «Research shows that delinquency among children and adolescents is an extremely prevalent social problem, especially among adolescents in poverty stricken neighborhoods. Studies have shown that these kids are twice as likely to use and abuse drugs,...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Leaving kids alone and the subsequent tendcy to use drugs: Charlene Solomon.. Empirical studies and statistics.. Positive reinforcements and extra-curricular activities to keep the children busy.. Deanna Linville's research.. An...»

The origins and functions of religion

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/06/2008   |   .doc   |   9 pages
Document abstract : «Religion is a subject that has been of constant interest to anthropologists. Before discussing origins, functions and examples of religion however, it is first necessary that we develop a proper definition. For the purpose of this paper I will...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. The intellectualist theory.. The myth-ritualism type theories.. Response to death in an animistic society.. The myth ritualist theory.. Religion as completely practical and technological.. The totem.. The arguments of Durkheim and...»

Families make a difference

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/06/2008   |   .doc   |   5 pages
Document abstract : «Research suggests that adolescent delinquent substance abuse is one of the more prevalent social problems in the United States. I chose this topic because I have seen it among my own peers. Substance abuse is a problem regardless of race, class,...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Adolescent delinquent substance abuse.. Jennifer Butters's ?Family stressors and adolescent cannabis use: a pathway to problem use,?.. Scheer, Borden and Donnermeyer's paper ?The relationship between family factors and adolescent...»

Religious ambivalence: Geology and the Victorian crisis of faith

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/06/2008   |   .doc   |   5 pages
Document abstract : «Edmund Burke wrote, "There is nothing so fatal to religion as indifference." If religion were the driving force in pre- and early Victorian society, indifference and confusion would have been the contenders of its power. Religion, a societal...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Religion and its revered position in early Victorian society. . Britons of the 1820's and 30's.. Memoriam's popularity and empathy with Tennyson's feelings.. The people most severely affected by the Victorian crisis of...»

Cultural analysis: The Maury Povich show

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/11/2008   |   .doc   |   4 pages
Document abstract : «The Maury Povich show is a television programmed that has been syndicated to networks since 1991, hosted by Maury Povich (IMDB). His most popular "theme" of his series is paternity tests for woman, or their man who is involved in a dispute...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Images and Representation of the Black guests.. Over representation.. Voyeurism and commodification of ethnicity.. The Sambo and other ?classic? images of black people.. The Representation of woman.. The Representation of the White...»

Cultural and material remains of the Chiricahua Apache

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/11/2008   |   .doc   |   12 pages
Document abstract : «The Chiricahua Apache, prior to forced displacement, occupied a broad swath of land surrounding the modern nexus of New Mexico, Arizona, Sonora, and Chihuahua. This traditional territory offered a spectrum of natural environments that varied from...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Site layout and architecture.. Disconcerting situation for the ethnoarchaeologist.. Survey of a recently abandoned site area.. Opportunity for overestimation.. The most extensive peripheral site.. Temporary aggregation of...»

The effect of USSR on Cuba

Political science   |   International relations   |   Presentation   |   11/11/2008   |   .doc   |   6 pages
Document abstract : «The second half of the 20th century saw a great deal of USSR involvement in Cuba economically, politically, and militarily. The USSR contributed large amounts of money, weapons, subsidized goods, and other aid to the Cuban government lead by Fidel...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. The question of USSR's involvement in Cuba after the Cuban revolution of 1959.. Soviet involvement and the necessary Marxist-Leninist doctrine.. Contradictions and paradox.. Castro's decision to create a socialist state based on...»

The mysterious history of Scientology

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/11/2008   |   .doc   |   6 pages
Document abstract : «What is Scientology? The answer is as simple or as complex as the one asking and the one answering wants to make it. Since its creation in 1952, Scientology has been seen by some as a religion, others as a cult, still others as a joke. Is it, as its...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. What Scientology is.. The philosophy's common intersection of celebrity and culture clashed.. The exact tenants of Scientology.. Complex philosophy and focus on mental clarity.. The exposure of the Xenu origin story.. Scientology's...»

Primate seed dispersal: Implications for conservation tactics

Political science   |   Ecology & environment   |   Presentation   |   11/11/2008   |   .doc   |   5 pages
Document abstract : «Many frugivorous primates act in an important ecosystem role as seed dispersers for local flora. The importance of this relationship is apparent through the realization that there is variation in the species of plant seeds dispersed by primates and...»

Synopsis abstract : «Abstract.. Introduction.. The plant/primate relationship.. Intraspecies variation.. Conservation & forest management.. Discussion.. Conclusion.....»

A study of the beginnings and effects of country clubs in American society

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/11/2008   |   .doc   |   6 pages
Document abstract : «In today's current society, there is an aspect of social life that is experienced by a portion of those in America's middle and upper classes. This aspect is the country club, which is major part of some American's lives. In present times, such...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Origin of country clubs.. Expansion of clubs in ideas and location.. Evolution of city clubs into elaborate institutions.. Discrimination and a sense of social hierarchy.. The early twentieth century.. The male city club.. The very...»

A more perfect union: Utopian communities in Tennessee

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/11/2008   |   .doc   |   5 pages
Document abstract : «Tennessee has long been regarded by historians as a crossroads of different ideas and people, its unique geographic position separating it from being overly dominated by established traditions for much of its history. It is this unique situation...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Tennessee - a crossroads of different ideas and people.. The history of utopian visions.. 1736 arival of the German - Christian Pribe.. British and the activities of Pribe.. Priber and Great Tellico.. Tennessee's next two utopian...»

The Baghdad crucible

Political science   |   International relations   |   Presentation   |   11/12/2008   |   .doc   |   5 pages
Document abstract : «What is going on in Iraq since the 2003 invasion and, by extension, since long before during Operation Desert Storm is in many ways a paradigm-an ever-evolving view into a society that has, for internal and external reasons, become one of the most...»

Synopsis abstract : «Credence.. Iraq since the 2003 invasion.. What we can learn from what is going on in Baghdad.. The theme at hand.. Baghdad Diaries.. Al-Radi - tracing the history of Iraq.. Where Al-Radi falls short.. Baghdad Diaries - inclusive view of the...»

The roadmap of 'The Republic'

Political science   |   Political science   |   Book review   |   11/12/2008   |   .doc   |   6 pages
Document abstract : «When tackling a text of great literary merit, it is important to remember to approach it in the right way. For instance, if we look to the New Testament of the Bible, while masterfully written, it is not a verbatim moral or ethical code of human...»

Synopsis abstract : «The stance of Plato and his republic.. Approaching it in the right way.. The character of Socrates as Plato reconstructs him.. Dialectic methodology in 'The Republic'.. The Magnificent Myth.. Plato construction of tools in order to better convey his...»

Africville: The destruction of a community in the name of urban renewal

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/17/2008   |   .doc   |   4 pages
Document abstract : «Africville was a black community located on the outskirts of Halifax, built by Loyalist descendants, and destroyed for the sake of urban renewal in the late 1960s. Canada has always prided itself on its race relations, often comparing its own...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. A black community located on the outskirts of Halifax.. The existence and treatment of Africville.. The result of the war of 1812.. Freedom in exchange for joining the British Army for Black Loyalists.. Impoverished black communities...»

History according to the Slave narratives

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/17/2008   |   .doc   |   8 pages
Document abstract : «The historical account given firsthand by former enslaved peoples has been called into question on many occasions. It has been suggested that because the narratives of these former slaves are so inconsistent with one another, the resulting history...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. The historical account given firsthand by former enslaved peoples.. Validating the voice of the 'normally voiceless'.. Preface to the digest of slave narratives.. Tennessee - a system identical to that of South Carolina.. Slaves -...»

Untouchability and societal changes

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/17/2008   |   .doc   |   6 pages
Document abstract : «How quickly can a prevailing attitude shift? What forces can bring about drastic changes in the structure of a society, and how quickly can that change be enacted? How long does it take for crippling stereotypes to disappear? These questions are...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Those marked as untouchables and to those equally stigmatized. . Liberation of the outcastes.. The origin of Japan's untouchable class.. The creation of the Meiji government.. Civic leaders at the beginning of the 1900's.. The...»

Symbolism in Japanese animation: Neon Genesis Evangelion and its depth of imagery

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/17/2008   |   .doc   |   4 pages
Document abstract : «Symbolism has long been a tool employed by authors and directors to fill in the gaps of a story where an explanation would prove unnecessarily wordy or would jeopardize the message's importance. That which is not said, often, is just as important as...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. A tool employed by authors and directors to fill in the gaps of a story.. Very few cartoons targeted at an audience older than twelve.. Neon Genesis Evangelion - 1995 and 1996.. Story is set in a post-apocalyptic Japan.. Adam and...»

Ainu: Spirit of a northern people

Political science   |   Social sciences   |   Presentation   |   11/18/2008   |   .doc   |   6 pages
Document abstract : «Modern history: that is pretty simple. It is the origins that really trip people up. Perhaps it is the lack of an ancient system of record keeping; perhaps records that existed were destroyed in natural disasters. For all historians know, natural...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Modern history.. An attempt to bring together what information is available on the Ainu.. The theories on Ainu origins.. The Jomon culture.. Entry of the Okhotsk, emigrants of Southern Sakhalin Island.. A parallel between the history...»

Population dynamics of forest insects

Political science   |   Ecology & environment   |   Presentation   |   11/19/2008   |   .doc   |   5 pages
Document abstract : «Population dynamics is the study of changes in the number of organisms in populations and the factors influencing these changes. It thus, by necessity, includes the study of the rates of loss and replacement of individuals and of those...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Detecting patterns and identifying processes.. Top-down versus bottom-up.. Multitrophic interactions.. Population cycles.. Conclusion.....»

Endangered species of trees

Political science   |   Ecology & environment   |   Presentation   |   11/19/2008   |   .doc   |   7 pages
Document abstract : «Unfortunately the topic of endangered species of trees is a vast one because of the extensive loss of their habitat in most parts of the world and in many cases because of overexploitation. The World Conservation Union's (IUCN) Red List of...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. the topic of endangered species of trees.. Areas where wildlife and plants are richest.. The Wallacea hot spot.. The conifers or softwood species.. The Wollemi Pine and the Dawn Redwood.. Alerce: The Patagonian Cypress.. Monterey...»

Ground preparation in afforestation

Political science   |   Ecology & environment   |   Presentation   |   11/19/2008   |   .doc   |   9 pages
Document abstract : «Ground preparation is defined as the set of preliminary operations on soil that are required for effective establishment of tree seedlings. The main objective of ground preparation is to assure access to nutrients, air, and water for the...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Clearing.. Land reclamation.. Compaction.. Cultivation.. Disking.. Ripping.. Mound plowing.. Drainage.. Water harvesting.. Conclusion.....»

Aquatic habitats in forest ecosystems

Political science   |   Ecology & environment   |   Presentation   |   11/21/2008   |   .doc   |   8 pages
Document abstract : «There is a wide variety of aquatic habitats found in forested areas ranging from water-filled tree holes through to large rivers, lakes, and inundated forests. This article initially reviews the classification of aquatic habitats and...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Forested w.etlands. Peat bog forests.. Distribution.. Physicochemical characteristics.. Aquatic biota.. Swamp forests.. Distribution.. Physicochemical characteristics.. Aquatic biota.. Floodplain (Alluvial) forests.. Mangrove...»

Human influences on the tropical forest wildlife

Political science   |   Ecology & environment   |   Presentation   |   11/21/2008   |   .doc   |   7 pages
Document abstract : «Different patterns of anthropogenic forest disturbance can affect forest wildlife in both tropical and temperate regions in many ways. The overall impact of different sources of structural and nonstructural disturbance may depend on: (1) the groups...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Hunting.. Estimates of wild meat harvest.. Subsistence hunting.. Overhunting.. Aggravating effects.. Selective logging.. Patterns of adaptation.. Effect of logging method.. Forest wildfires.. Fire-induced mortality.. Post-burn...»

Plant-animal interactions in forest ecosystems

Political science   |   Ecology & environment   |   Presentation   |   11/21/2008   |   .doc   |   7 pages
Document abstract : «Flowering plants, being sedentary, have co-opted animal partners for purposes of gene exchange and propagule dispersal, through pollination and seed dispersal. To secure these services plants provide a variety of flower or fruit rewards creating...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Mutualistic interactions.. Pollination.. Invertebrate pollinators.. Seed dispersal.. Plant protection by Ants.. Antagonistic interactions.. Herbivory and plant defenses.. Seed predation.. Mechanical damage.. Concl...»

Natural disturbances in forest environments

Political science   |   Ecology & environment   |   Presentation   |   11/21/2008   |   .doc   |   7 pages
Document abstract : «Disturbance in plant communities has been defined as consisting of 'the mechanisms which limit the plant biomass by causing its partial or total destruction.' In forests, disturbance arises from the agencies of tree damage or death. At small...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction.. Small-scale disturbance: gap phase dynamics.. Changes in microclimate and resource availability following gap creation.. Forest regeneration in gaps.. The changes in microclimate and resource availability.. Photoblastic...»

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