Relationship between China and India

We present an overview of the two countries with regard to their economics, geo-strategy, internal politics, and physical geography and also give a comparison between the positions of these two countries in the world. It will provide a clear picture about the relationship between China and India and serve as a basis for future presentations.

With one billion 273 million inhabitants in 2000, the People's Republic of China is the most populous state in the world: 1 in 5 men on the planet are Chinese

The one-child policy - Implemented since 1979, this policy is based on strong social constraints: the total fertility rate fell to 1.8 children per woman on average. Today we are witnessing an easing of anti-birth policy.

The falling birth rate is especially effective in cities. The birth rate remains high in rural areas and among minorities. In addition, there are a number of unregistered births; birth rates and fertility rates are probably higher than official statistics. However with the increase in life expectancy, the aging population is expected to increase in number in 2025-2030: persons aged 65 or over will represent 14% of the population instead of 6% currently.

Density contrasts: The average density is 132 inhabitants per km2. 90% of Chinese are concentrated east of the territory: China is "full" versus "empty" West.

China minorities: The 55 recognized minorities (8% of the population) such as Tibetan, are mainly located to the west and south and occupy 60% of the territory. China from the "outside" - In addition, nearly 30 million Chinese constitute a very influential diaspora around the world.

Despite a slight decline, the primary sector remains prominent. Its importance is partly due to overstaffing valued at 200 million. Rural-urban migration provides the industry with cheap labor .70% of Chinese are still rural. Plus 100 million of them are "a floating population that is trying to move to the cities. Currently, the urban population is growing ten times faster than the rural one. Thirty cities have over one million inhabitants.

Urban transition, that is to say the transition to a predominantly urban distribution of population, is still underdeveloped. In addition, cities have ill-equipped infrastructure (transport) and lack of housing. The HDI is also the 87th largest in the world.

The Union of India has the world's second biggest population: more than one billion people. One out of six people on the planet would be an Indian.

Population growth - The Indian population increased by 50% since 1990. Between 1965 and 1975, the authoritarian planning has had little effect. Currently, the declining birth rate is mainly due to the improvement of women and their literacy, the fertility rate is still 3.2 children per woman. Mortality has fallen sharply, but infant mortality, particularly important for girls, remains high. Epidemics are frequent.

The densities of the territory - The average density is 314 inhabitants per km2, the population distribution remains homogeneous. Nuclei are concentrated in the Ganges Valley, deltas and coastal plains of the South and large cities.

Indian civilization dates back to 3500 BC. Rural residents still represent 74% of the population. In rural areas, intensive agriculture is predominant; little mechanization is labor-intensive. The increase in the number of inhabitants in cities is accelerating, but urban development is insufficient. Cities currently exceed 25 million inhabitants. The decline in the primary sector is partly explained by the rural exodus.

Tags: population growth, Indus Valley Civilization, mortality rate