Quantum Dots : A Brief Overview

Science & technology   |   Physics & chemistry   |   School essay   |   06/25/2007   |   .doc   |   5 pages
Document abstract : «Over the past few decades there has been immense interest in Quantum Dots. In this report the author will outline some of the fabrication techniques, basic theory, and a few important properties of QDs. There are various different kinds of Quantum...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction. What are quantum dots?. Etched dots. Split metal gates. Self assembled dots. Electronic properties . Applications . Spin based quantum computing. Conclusion. References....»

Position of the Fermi Level for Extrinsic Semiconductors: Additional Notes for Solid State Physics

Science & technology   |   Physics & chemistry   |   Course material   |   06/25/2007   |   .pdf   |   2 pages
Document abstract : «In "Position of the Fermi Level for Extrinsic Semiconductors" the author will talk a little more in detail about doped semiconductors. Here, the author answers the following questions: (i) What is the position of the Fermi level for an extrinsic...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction. What is the position of the Fermi level for an extrinsic semiconductor?. What is the concentration of electrons(holes) in the conduction(valence) band?. The problem from 2006 university exam....»

Ferromagnetism and the Curie-Weiss Law

Science & technology   |   Physics & chemistry   |   Course material   |   06/25/2007   |   .pdf   |   3 pages
Document abstract : «In "Ferromagnetism and the Curie-Weiss Law" the author will start by giving a more complete derivation of the Curie-Weiss law, which might make a few points clearer. Then he will try to address some of your questions more directly. The author...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction. Detailed derivation of the Curie Weiss Law. Introducing the concept of Curie temperature....»

Gonococcal Infections

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/16/2007   |   .ppt   |   82 slides
Document abstract : «Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection of epithelium and commonly manifests as cervicitis, urethritis, proctitis, and conjunctivitis. If untreated, infections at these sites can lead to local complications such as endometritis, salpingitis,...»

Synopsis abstract : «Definition. Epidemiology. Pathogenesis, immunology and antimcrobial resistance. Clinical manifestations. Gonococcal Infections in Females. Laboratory diagnosis. Ttreatment. Recommendations....»

Violence and Injury

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/17/2007   |   .ppt   |   41 slides
Document abstract : «Serious violence and injury have life-altering consequences for victims and their families that often cannot be reversed. Prevention and treatment must be priorities. Violence in the United States is a public health epidemic that is caused by...»

Synopsis abstract : «Definitions. Epidemiology. Secular Trends in Injuries. Ways to Reduce Injury. Implications for Medical Practice. Recommendations. Bilbiography....»

Urinary Incontinence

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/17/2007   |   .ppt   |   34 slides
Document abstract : «Urinary incontinence is defined as involuntary loss of urine of sufficient severity to be a health and/or social problem. Although it is commonly hidden and not discussed with health professionals, urinary incontinence is a prevalent, morbid, and...»

Synopsis abstract : «Definition and scope of the problem. Pathogenesis. Clinical manifestations. Diagnosis. Treatment. Recommendations. Bibliography....»

Biology of Ageing

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/18/2007   |   .ppt   |   48 slides
Document abstract : «It is useful to think of organisms as protein-synthesizing factories. If that factory is to function at very high levels of efficiency and stability for very long periods of time, the builder should start with an excellent set of blueprints (hence...»

Synopsis abstract : «The life course approach to the understanding of aging. The evolutionary biological theory of aging: A satisfactory explanation for why we age. Classes of gene action that escape the force of natural selection. Environmentally triggered diapause and...»

Inborn errors of metabolism

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/18/2007   |   .ppt   |   84 slides
Document abstract : «Metabolism is a collective term for integrated biochemical processes of the intact organism, differentiated organ, cell, and subcellular organelle. Normal metabolism enables homeostasis for the organism by maintaining anabolic and catabolic flow...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction and background. Naturally occurring mutations . The severity of an inborn error of metabolism . Direct evidence for the genetic control of intestinal glucose transport . Treatment of inherited dise...»

Ionizing Radiation Injury

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/18/2007   |   .ppt   |   52 slides
Document abstract : «Ionizing radiation occurs as electromagnetic waves of extremely short wavelength and as accelerated atomic particles (e.g., electrons, protons, neutrons, a-particles). The injuries caused by ionizing radiation include mutagenic, carcinogenic,...»

Synopsis abstract : «Ionizing radiation occurs as electromagnetic waves of extremely short wavelength and as accelerated atomic particles . Etiology. Incidence, Prevalence, and Epidemiology. Pathogenesis. Clinical Manifestations. Skin. Bone marrow and lymphoid...»

Tobacco and Health

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/18/2007   |   .ppt   |   64 slides
Document abstract : «Currently, about 46 million individuals in the United States are cigarette smokers, including 26% of men and 22% of women. People who are less well educated and/or have unskilled occupations are more likely to smoke. Smoking is responsible for...»

Synopsis abstract : «Epidemiology. Harmful Constituents of Tobacco. Tobacco Addiction. Tobacco-Related Diseases. Cancer. Cardiovascular disease. Pulmonary disease. Other complications. Health Hazards of Smokeless Tobacco. Second Hand Smoke. Benefits of...»

Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/18/2007   |   .ppt   |   70 slides
Document abstract : «Despite dramatic advances in medical science and evidence-based practice, many people turn to other healing approaches, some derived from ancient medical traditions and others from new-age concepts. Although extraordinarily diverse in their...»

Synopsis abstract : «Definitions and disciplines. Alternative medical systems. Biologically based therapies. Manipulative and body based methods. Mind body interventions. Energy therapies. Appeal and use of complementary and alternative medicine. Clinical...»

Drug Abuse Treatment and Relapse Prevention

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/19/2007   |   .ppt   |   28 slides
Document abstract : «Patients who use illicit drugs benefit from treatment if they recognize that their substance use is a problem. The transtheoretical model considers a patient on a continuum from precontemplation (denial) toward maintenance...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction. The major goals of drug abuse treatment. The active ingredients of brief intervention . Pharmacologic treatment of opioid abuse . Prevention of a relapse . The treatment and prevention of drug abuse . Conclu...»

Principales of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/19/2007   |   .ppt   |   46 slides
Document abstract : «In their work, people can be exposed to dangerous chemicals, hazardous physical agents, emotional stress, and trauma. Any of these occupational exposures can cause disease-sometimes immediately and sometimes after an interval of years or...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction. Occupational and environmental exposures: A range of illnesses. Occupational and environmental diseases are underdiagnosed. Workers often not given the names of the materials with which they worked. Occupational and environmental...»

Epidemiology of Cardiovacular Disease

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/19/2007   |   .ppt   |   56 slides
Document abstract : «The three major clinical manifestations of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) are coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Atherosclerosis also can be found in other arterial beds, especially the renal...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction. Importance of cardiovascular disease. Disease impact. Secular trends. Economic impact. Risk Factors for cardiovascular disease. Unmodifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors. Dyslipidemia. Hypertension. Physical...»

Myocardial Perfusion Imaging

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/20/2007   |   .ppt   |   44 slides
Document abstract : «The techniques of nuclear cardiology permit the noninvasive imaging of myocardial perfusion under stress and resting conditions and of resting regional and global function using radionuclide imaging agents and gamma or positron cameras with...»

Synopsis abstract : «Nuclear cardiology. Imaging agents. Detection of coronary heart disease. Pharmacologic stress imaging. Assessment of prognosis. Determination of myocardial viability with single photon emission computed tomography or positron emission...»

Cardiac Function and Circulatory Control

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/20/2007   |   .ppt   |   90 slides
Document abstract : «The heart is a muscular pump connected to the systemic and pulmonary vascular systems. Working together, the job of the heart and vasculature is to maintain adequate circulation of blood to the organs at rest and during periods of exercise. To...»

Synopsis abstract : «Anatomy of the Heart. Cardiac Muscle Physiology. Excitation-contraction coupling. Force-length relations. From muscle to chamber. The cardiac cycle. Determinants of cardiac performance. Determination of myocardial oxygen consumption and energy...»

Radiology of the Heart

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/20/2007   |   .ppt   |   62 slides
Document abstract : «The heart casts a homogeneous shadow on the chest film. No internal detail can be seen within its contours because the radiodensities of blood, myocardium, and other cardiac tissues are so similar that one cannot be distinguished from the others....»

Synopsis abstract : «Radiologic Anatomy. Heart Size. Chamber Enlargement. Left atrium. Left ventricle. Right atrium. Right ventricle. Calcification. Pulmonary Vasculature. Pulmonary edema. Pulmonary arterial hypertension. Conclusi...»

Electrocardiography

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/20/2007   |   .ppt   |   57 slides
Document abstract : «The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a recording of the electrical potentials produced by cardiac tissue. Formation of electrical impulses occurs within the conduction system of the heart. When excited, or depolarized, atrial and ventricular myocardial...»

Synopsis abstract : «Lead systems. Cardiac vector. Monitor leads. Cellular electrophysiology of the heart. Cell depolarization and repolarization. Normal electrocardiogram. Normal segments and junctions. Conclusions. Bibliography....»

Drug Abuse of Heroin and Other Opioids

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/20/2007   |   .ppt   |   42 slides
Document abstract : «Opioids, including naturally occurring alkaloids (opiates derived from the poppy plant Papaver somniferum), semisynthetic compounds (chemically altered alkaloids), and synthetic agents, are potent analgesics and produce an intense euphoria...»

Synopsis abstract : «Classification. History. Epidemiology. Biomolecular mechanisms of action. Clinical pharmacology. Clinical complications. Recommendations. Bibliography....»

Drug Abuse Of Cocaine and Other Psychostimulants

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/20/2007   |   .ppt   |   29 slides
Document abstract : «Cocaine, an alkaloid extracted from coca leaves, and other psychostimulants (e.g., amphetamine, methamphetamine) rapidly increase the concentration of several neurotransmitters in synaptic junctions and stimulate the sympathetic and central nervous...»

Synopsis abstract : «Classification. History. Epidemiology. Biomolecular mechanisms of action. Clinical pharmacology. Clinical manifestations. Recommendations. Bibliography....»

Gene Therapy

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/20/2007   |   .ppt   |   85 slides
Document abstract : «Gene therapy is an experimental form of treatment whereby sequences of nucleic acids (i.e., genes) are delivered to cells to change their biologic function. The concept initially arose as replacement therapy for monogenic inherited disorders. For...»

Synopsis abstract : «The concept of gene therapy. The clinical spectrum. Gene delivery strategies. The delivery vector. Retroviral vectors. Adenoviral vectors. Adeno associated virus. Selected disease applications. Cystic fibrosis. Hemophilia. Myocardial and peripheral...»

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonace Imaging

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   32 slides
Document abstract : «More than any other imaging technique, cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) offers the potential for dramatically changing current imaging strategies for the evaluation of patients with known or suspected cardiovascular disease. The combined...»

Synopsis abstract : «Thoracic aorta and great vessels. Cardiac tumors and masses. Pericardium and pericardial effusions. Congenital heart disease. Quantitative assessment of ventricular volumes and mass. Cardiomyopathies. Coronary artery disease. Special considerations...»

Catheterization and Angiography

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   58 slides
Document abstract : «A significant reduction in coronary flow reserve is present when the ratio of flow at rest to flow after vasodilation is less than 2 : 1. Measurement of the pressure gradient across a stenosis using a small wire transducer also can assess functional...»

Synopsis abstract : «Indications. Contraindications and Risks. Technique. Hemodynamic Assessment. Cardiac output. Valve areas and resistance. Conclusions. Bibliography....»

Principles of Electrophysiology

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   57 slides
Document abstract : «The function of the human heart requires rhythmic beatings occurring on the average 70 times a minute, 24 hours a day, for 80 or more years. The close to 3 billion contractions of the cardiac musculature that must occur without fail are coordinated...»

Synopsis abstract : «Introduction. Cardiac electrophysiology. Mechanisms of cardiac tachyarrhythmias. Mechanism of Bradyarrhythmias. Conclusions. Bibliography....»

Heart Failure: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   42 slides
Document abstract : «Heart failure is a heterogeneous syndrome in which an abnormality of cardiac function is responsible for the inability of the heart to pump blood at an output sufficient to meet the requirements of metabolizing tissues or to do so only at abnormally...»

Synopsis abstract : «Heart failure. Epidemiology. Etiology and prevention. Pathogenesis. Differing mechanisms of heart failure. Abnormalities of cardiac function: Systoloc function. Diastolic function. Ventricular preload. Ventricular afterload. Heart rate and...»

Heart Failure Syndrome

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   36 slides
Document abstract : «Chronic heart failure is a multifaceted syndrome with diverse presentations. The initial manifestations of hemodynamic dysfunction are a reduction in stroke volume and a rise in ventricular filling pressures, perhaps in the basal state but...»

Synopsis abstract : «Neurohumoral responses. Altered renal physiology. Left ventricular remodeling and progression of heart failure. Conclusions. Bibliography....»

Clinical Presentation of Heart Failure

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   30 slides
Document abstract : «Acute heart failure usually presents as shortness of breath, culminating, sometimes in a matter of minutes, with pulmonary edema. A more subacute presentation is of progressive dyspnea associated with systemic fluid retention over days to a few...»

Synopsis abstract : «Acute Heart Failure. Chronic Heart Failure. Heart failure with preserved systolic function. Factors precipitating acute decompensation of chronic heart failure. Conclusions. Bibliography....»

Evaluation of a Patient with Possible Heart Failure

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   51 slides
Document abstract : «The common symptoms of heart failure are well known but are frequently absent and variably specific for this condition. The symptoms generally reflect, but may be dissociated from, the hemodynamic derangements of elevated left-sided and right-sided...»

Synopsis abstract : «Symptoms of heart failure. Dyspnea. Orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Acute pulmonary edema. Exercise intolerance. Edema and fluid retention. Abdominal and gastrointestinal symptoms. Sleep disorders and central nervous system...»

The Evaluation and Follow-Up of a Heart Failure Patient

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   28 slides
Document abstract : «An extensive battery of laboratory tests is not required for most patients with heart failure. Routine testing should include a complete blood cell count (to detect anemia and systemic diseases with hematologic manifestations), measurement of renal...»

Synopsis abstract : «Routine diagnostic assessment. Assesment of left ventricular function. Additional diagnostic evaluation. Myocardial biopsy. Assessment of exercise capacity. Follow up evaluation. Conclusions. Bibliography....»

Common Clinical Sequelae of Aging

Science & technology   |   Medical studies   |   Presentation   |   07/31/2007   |   .ppt   |   98 slides
Document abstract : «Increased longevity throughout the world is influencing medical care dramatically as more older individuals develop or survive with various medical conditions. Although some elderly present typically with single-system disease, they often have...»

Synopsis abstract : «Epidemiology and Pathobiology of Aging. Spectrum of changes produced by the aging process. Effects of Aging on Specific Organs and Systems. Age related gastroenterogic syndromes. Age-related renal and urinary tract syndromes. Endocrine...»

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