The advantages and disadvantages of the behaviorist approach to mental disorders
Summary :
Table of Contents
- Introduction.
- The behaviorist theory.
- The behavioral model for abnormality.
- Pavlov's (1927, 1941) theory: Behavior is learnt through association.
- Techniques developed from classical conditioning to treat mental disorders.
- Replacing the conditioned fear response.
- Flooding.
- Aversion therapy.
- Conclusion.
- Reference.
Abstract
The behavioral approach to psychology emphasizes the effects that environmental stimuli can have on a person. Because of the importance of the environment, behavioral psychologists concentrate on the process of learning and any lasting change that occurs as a result of any experience. The origins of behaviorism can be traced back to a paper written by John Watson entitled, 'Psychology as the behaviorist views it' (Watson 1913). He emphasized the importance of the environment in our behavior and there are three central ideas behind the theory. There is an emphasis on observable responses and environmental stimuli, a rejection to any concepts that are not evident from direct observation and a focus on experience and learning as the fundamental basis behind understanding behavior. Behaviorists see people as biological organisms that are innately capable of responding to the environment in which they live. Humans like many other organisms are capable of performing a wide range of complex responses; however these are seen as combinations of simpler responses in behaviorism.
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